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Japan's freshly appointed prime minister, Sanae Takaichi, is preparing to undertake her primary diplomatic test as she meets ex-President Trump for crucial discussions in Tokyo.

Attention of their meeting is likely to revolve around trade and security issues, representing a critical juncture for Japan's relationship with its powerful partner.

A Notable Premiership and International Introduction

Takaichi, who recently assumed the role of Japan's initial woman leader after winning the leadership of the governing LDP, had her international introduction at the recent Asean summit.

But, her upcoming meeting with Trump is considered the true challenge that will set the tone for coming two-way cooperation.

Managing Domestic and Global Pressures

Takaichi faces a possibly shaky political situation, having established a partnership that leaves her a couple of votes short of a majority in the powerful lower house of parliament.

This means, her government will rely on opposition lawmakers to approve laws, adding a layer of complexity to her leadership.

Common Perspectives and Diverging Interests

Takaichi shares Trump's suspicion of Chinese military presence in the region, but both nations have experienced issues from his "America-first" economic policies.

Recently, Trump facilitated a ceasefire deal between Thai and Cambodia forces during the first leg of his Asia visit.

Defense Build-up and Spending Commitments

Takaichi has expressed her determination to accelerate Japan's defense expansion, aiming to raise defense spending to two percent of gross domestic product by the close of the fiscal year.

This step matches a long-held request from Trump and represents the largest defense buildup for the nation since the WWII.

Defense Cooperation and Strains

Japan has also taken steps to obtain "retaliatory" capabilities, including Tomahawk weapons from the United States, and intends to deploy domestically developed extended-range missiles.

But, the two-way security treaty remains a source of strain, with Trump earlier suggesting that the nation should contribute more for hosting US troops on its territory.

Economic Outlook and Negotiations

Few expect major agreements on economic issues during the visit, particularly after recent tariff adjustments provided a degree of ease to Japan's economy.

The PM is expected to pursue additional relief by promising increased acquisitions of US goods, including vehicles, agricultural produce, and natural gas.

Personal Rapport and the Abe Link

The value Trump attributes to personal chemistry could benefit Takaichi's favor, given her strong ties with the late ex-leader Shinzo Abe, who was one of Trump's favorite world leaders.

He was the initial international figure to meet Trump after his victory, and the pair built a close bond over mutual interests such as the sport.

Forthcoming Agenda and International Significance

The former president's trip to Japan will start with a audience with the Emperor at the Imperial Palace in the capital.

It will be followed by discussions with the PM at the state guest house, the same venue where Trump met with Abe in previous years.

Afterward, Trump will travel to the Republic of Korea for the APEC meeting, where he is scheduled to engage with China's leader Xi Jinping.